Regensburg 2002 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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AKSOE: Physik sozio-ökonomischer Systeme

AKSOE 11: Urbane Systeme und Verkehrsdynamik I

AKSOE 11.2: Vortrag

Montag, 11. März 2002, 14:30–15:00, H8

Herding Behavior and Granular Interactions of Panicking Pedestrians: Models, Simulations, and Applications to Evacuation Scenarios — •Torsten Werner und Dirk Helbing — Dresden University of Technology, Institute for Economics and Traffic, D-01062 Dresden

We will discuss the simulation of various phenomena in panicking pedestrian crowds. While under normal conditions, one finds lane formation in pedestrian counterflows or oscillatory changes of the passing direction at bottlnecks, in panic situations one observes a breakdown of fluid lanes in favour of blockages (“freezing by heating”), inefficient and irregular outflows at exits due to arching and clogging (“faster-is-slower effect”), and an ignorance of available emergency exits because of a “herding effect”. These phenomena can be reproduced by a “social force model” with granular-like interaction terms [1,2]. Finally, we discuss the relation to mass psychology and applications to evacuation scenarios.

[1] D. Helbing, I. Farkas, and T. Vicsek, Simulating Dynamical Features of Escape Panic, Nature 407, 487–490 (2000).

[2] D. Helbing, Traffic and Related Self-Driven Many-Particle Systems, Reviews of Modern Physics 73, 1067–1141 (2001).