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Regensburg 2016 – scientific programme

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MI: Fachverband Mikrosonden

MI 7: Poster: Microanalysis and Microscopy

MI 7.1: Poster

Wednesday, March 9, 2016, 18:00–20:00, Poster E

Micro-XRF studies on the colour brilliance in ancient wool carpets — •Andreas Späth1, Markus Meyer1, Camelia Borca2, Karl Meßlinger3, Manfred Bieber4, and Rainer H. Fink11FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physical Chemistry II & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Erlangen, Germany — 2Swiss Light Source (SLS), Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland — 3FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Erlangen, Germany — 4Ex Oriente, Waldbrunn, Germany

Chemical colouring of natural fibers is one of the oldest crafts in mankind and still a highly relevant market. Experimental archaeologists revived an ancient Anatolian dyeing method based on previous fermentation of the wool fibers resulting in remarkable colour brilliance and persistence. Mordants used during the bating process are typically potassium alum or iron(II)sulfate. Electron microscopic studies show morphological changes of the fibers due to fermentation, suggesting an easier and deeper penetration of mordants into the hair fiber. We present micro-XRF studies on cross-sections of such prepared recent wool fibers and regional carpet fibers from the 18th century showing the distribution of mordant metals. A comparison with undyed fibers proves a significantly increased metal content also in the central region of the recently fermented and ancient wool fibers. These findings provide a conclusive explanation for persistent colour brilliance and prove the suggested crafting of the ancient specimen. Further studies focus on the oxidation state of the Fe mordant to clarify the typically strong modification of dye colour that is not apparent for redox-inactive Al.

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