Berlin 2018 – wissenschaftliches Programm
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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 37: Active Matter (joint session BP/CPP/DY)
BP 37.10: Vortrag
Freitag, 16. März 2018, 11:45–12:00, H 1058
Active polymer models for the 3D organization of chromosomes — •Johannes Nuebler1, Geoffrey Fudenberg2, Maxim Imakaev1, Nezar Abdennur1, and Leonid Mirny1 — 1Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA — 2University of California, San Francisco, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
Eukaryotic chromatin is far from being a randomly arranged polymer in the cell nucleus. Rather, a high degree of spatial organization on various length scales is revealed by Hi-C and imaging techniques. We show that the organization on intermediate scales emerges from the interplay of two mechanisms, one active and one passive: first, on the scale of one million basepairs and below, active formation of growing chromatin loops emerges as a general organizational principle throughout the cell cycle. Second, a block-copolymer based phase separation explains chromatin compartmentalization on larger scales. Interestingly, these processes interact: only the interplay of loop extrusion and spatial segregation explains a large number of experimental perturbations, namely removal of the loop extruder cohesin, removal of the cohesin boundary element CTCF and removal of the cohesin unloader Wapl, and it makes specific predictions for variations in the compartmental interaction and topological constraints (bioRxiv: https://doi.org/10.1101/196261).