SMuK 2023 – scientific programme

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UP: Fachverband Umweltphysik

UP 7: Greenhouse Gases: Remote Sensing

UP 7.3: Talk

Thursday, March 23, 2023, 11:45–12:00, MOL/0213

Emission estimates of carbon dioxide and methane with a ground-based imaging spectrometer — •Marvin Knapp¹, Leon Scheidweiler¹, Felix Külheim¹, Ralph Kleinschek¹, Jaroslaw Necki², Pawel Jagoda², and Andre Butz¹ — ¹Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg — ²Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) emissions into the atmosphere are the strongest anthropogenic drivers of global climate change. Mitigation strategies rely on precise knowledge of the strength and distribution of these greenhouse gas sources. Spectroscopic techniques emerge that enable imaging of atmospheric CO₂ and CH₄ plumes from strong point sources and thus, facility-scale emission estimates.
We show results of CO₂ and CH₄ emission plume images from ground-based observations with a NEO HySpex SWIR-384 hyperspectral camera. The camera takes images of sky-scattered sunlight in the shortwave-infrared range (1-2.5 µm) at kilometer distance to point sources. An adapted matched filter retrieval is used to calculate atmospheric enhancements of CO₂ and CH₄ from their 2 µm absorption bands. We present CO₂ emission plumes of a medium-sized power plant (>4.9 MtCO2/yr), which we detect reliably in hourly averaged spectral images. Furthermore, we successfully observed methane plumes from a coal mine shaft in Silesia, Poland, with a temporal resolution of roughly 1 minute, discovering emission dynamics on time scales from minutes to days.