Berlin 2024 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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SYNP: Symposium New Trends in Nonequilibrium Physics: Conservation Laws and Nonreciprocal Interactions

SYNP 1: New Trends in Nonequilibrium Physics: Conservation Laws and Nonreciprocal Interactions

SYNP 1.1: Hauptvortrag

Donnerstag, 21. März 2024, 15:00–15:30, H 0105

Universality classes of nonequilibrium phase transitions with conservation constraints — •Walter Zimmermann — Theoretische Physik, Universität Bayreuth, Germany

Nonequilibrium phase transitions in various biological and soft matter systems with conservation constraints have recently attracted considerable attention. The mechanisms for these systems are as diverse as the systems themselves. However, they share systems spanning properties near the transitions described by universal models, as emphasized in the talk. In 1950, the Ginzburg-Landau equation (GLE) was formulated for the phase transition from normal to superconductivity. Since 1969, a large number of nonequilibrium phase transitions (bifurcations) with unconserved order parameters near their onset are described by the universal GLE, also known as envelope or amplitude equation, or by its generalization to oscillatory transitions (bifurcations) [1,2]. Using a new generalized perturbation technique applied to conserved system-specific and phenomenological models, one finds the Cahn-Hilliard (CH) class for non-oscillatory transitions and the universal CHEOPS model for oscillatory transitions (induced by non-reciprocal interactions). They are complementary to the previous universal unconserved models [1,2]. The main focus of the talk is on the fascinating solution behavior of these universal models and intermediate transport equations, as well as an intriguing secondary transition unknown from classical unconserved order parameter fields.

[1] I. Aranson, L. Kramer, Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 99 (2002); [2] M. C. Cross, P. C. Hohenberg, Rev. Mod. Phys. 65, 851 (1993).