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HK: Fachverband Physik der Hadronen und Kerne

HK 7: Nuclear Astrophysics I

HK 7.1: Group Report

Monday, March 16, 2026, 16:15–16:45, PHIL A 602

Equation of State: From Ultracompact Objects to Color Superconductivity in Proto-Neutron Stars — •Ishfaq Ahmad Rather, Selina Kunkel, Sarah Pitz, and Jürgen Schaffner-Bielich — Institute of Theoretical Physics, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main

We present a comprehensive overview of our group's recent research on the properties of compact stars, probing the equation of state (EoS) across dark matter, hadronic, and quark matter regimes. We explore the impact of scalar fields and dark sector, showing that modified scalar potentials and self-interacting bosonic dark matter can lead to the formation of ultracompact boson stars and alter the macroscopic properties of neutron stars, potentially mimicking black holes. We utilize EoS constrained by chiral effective field theory to analyze the early evolution of compact stars, determining the minimal masses of proto-neutron stars (PNS) and highlighting the role of thermal effects on stability limits. Employing a renormalization group consistent NJL model, we analyze the stability windows of color-superconducting (CSC) phases, demonstrating that stable color-flavor-locked (CFL) cores are consistent with current astrophysical constraints. Furthermore, we investigate the phase diagram and analyze the trajectories of constant entropy per baryon to identify which CSC phases are accessible at maximum central densities throughout various evolutionary stages of PNS characterized by different entropies and lepton fractions.

Funded by DFG through the CRC-TR 211-Project No. 315477589 TRR 21, and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.

Keywords: Neutron Stars; Color-Superconductivity; Equation of State; Dark Matter; Proto-Neutron Stars