München 2006 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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HK: Physik der Hadronen und Kerne

HK 40: Hauptvortr
äge

HK 40.2: Hauptvortrag

Donnerstag, 23. März 2006, 11:00–11:30, A

Nuclear structure applications in astrophysics — •Karlheinz Langanke, Hans Feldmeier, and Gabriel Martinez-Pinedo — GSI Darmstadt

Advances in microscopic nuclear structure models and in computer technology allow now detailed and reliable studies of light and medium-mass nuclei. Much of this progress finds direct applications in nuclear astrophysics: Fermionic Molecular Dynamics allows a consistent description of nuclear bound and scattering states, considering the dominant short-range central and tensor correlations. This ability can be used to describe astrophysically important capture and transfer reactions. The no-core shell model is an ab-initio method which has been successfully applied to study light nuclei, but also to calculate response functions needed for astrophysically important neutrino-induced reactions. Large-scale diagonalization shell model studies are now possible for nuclei up to the iron mass region. On the basis of such studies it has been possible to improve the rates of weak-interaction processes (electron captures, beta decays) under presupernova conditions. The Shell Model Monte Carlo (SMMC) method allows the calculation of nuclear properties at finite temperatures in unprecedently large model spaces (e.g. the complete pf-sdg space with 10^27 configurations) including the dominant two-nucleon correlations. The SMMC has been used to show that electron capture during supernova collapse proceeds on nuclei rather than on free protons, as has been previously assumed, with substantial modifications for the core conditions of a collapsing massive star.