Dresden 2014 – wissenschaftliches Programm

Bereiche | Tage | Auswahl | Suche | Aktualisierungen | Downloads | Hilfe

DY: Fachverband Dynamik und Statistische Physik

DY 8: Critical Phenomena and Phase Transitions

DY 8.7: Hauptvortrag

Montag, 31. März 2014, 16:45–17:15, ZEU 118

Self-organized criticality in Hamiltonian spin systems: intriguingly ordinary or ordinarily intriguing? — •Helmut G. Katzgraber — Texas A&M University, USA

Self-organized criticality (SOC) refers to the tendency of dissipative systems to drive themselves into a scale-invariant critical state without any parameter tuning. These phenomena are of crucial importance because fractal objects displaying SOC are found everywhere, e.g., in earthquakes, the meandering of sea coasts, or in galactic clusters. Understanding its origin, however, represents a major unresolved puzzle. Pioneering work in the 1980s provided insights into the possible origins of SOC: The sandpile and forest-fire models are hallmark examples of dynamical systems that exhibit SOC. However, these models feature ad hoc dynamics, without showing how these can be obtained from an underlying Hamiltonian. The possible existence of SOC was also tested in random magnets, such as the random-field Ising model, but in all these, at least one parameter had to be tuned, i.e., no true SOC. The first Hamiltonian model displaying true SOC was the infinite-range mean-field Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin-glass model. Here, we investigate the conditions required for general disordered magnets to display self-organized criticality. Our results are in disagreement with the traditional lore that self-organized criticality is a property of the mean-field regime of spin glasses. In fact, self-organized criticality is recovered only in the strict limit of a diverging number of neighbors. In light of these result, the behavior of damage spreading on scale-free networks, as well Coulomb glasses are discussed.