SKM 2021 – wissenschaftliches Programm
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AKE: Arbeitskreis Energie
AKE 3: Technologien für die Energiewende und ihre Implikationen II
AKE 3.3: Hauptvortrag
Dienstag, 28. September 2021, 11:15–11:45, H8
Import options for chemical energy carriers from renewable sources to Germany — •Johannes Hampp1, Michael Düren1,2, and Tom Brown3,4 — 1Center for international Development and Environmental Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen — 2II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus Liebig University Giessen — 3Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology — 4Department of Digital Transformation in Energy Systems, Technische Universität Berlin
Ambitious climate targets and the need for a more sustainable energy system will require significant changes to the energy sectors of transport, heating and industry. Electrification will be the most sustainable option in many areas. Some applications however but certain applications will continue to require chemical energy carriers in future, especially long-distance aviation, shipping vessels and the chemical industry.
At present Germany is importing most of its primary energy (> 70%) in the form of fossil chemical energy carriers from foreign countries. Since Germany is lacking abundant potentials for renewable energy, it can be expected that Germany will continue imports of chemical energy carriers in the future.
We model potential energy supply chains for most prominent chemical energy carriers (hydrogen, methane, methanol, ammonia, Fischer-Tropsch fuels) and different transport options (electrical transmission lines, pipelines, shipping). Thereby we obtain the cost of energy and hydrogen for each energy supply chain allowing us to compare potential future export partners.
For example, Denmark makes for a good export partner with a combination of large offshore wind potentials and its close proximity to Germany. The Danish export volume however is limited. Thus, it is necessary to consider other potential exporters for larger import volumes within the EU (e.g. Spain), across the Mediterranean Sea (e.g. Morocco, Egypt, Saudi Arabia) or even worldwide (e.g. Argentina or Australia).
Depending on the individual chemical energy carrier and mode of transport, different export partners show different techno-economic potentials for exports to Germany.