SKM 2023 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik

BP 31: Cell Mechanics III

BP 31.2: Vortrag

Freitag, 31. März 2023, 10:15–10:30, BAR 0106

A mechano-osmotic feedback couples cell volume to the rate of cell deformation — Larisa Venkova^1,2, •Amit Singh Vishen³, Sergio Lembo⁴, Nishit Srivastava^1,2, Baptiste Duchamp^1,2, Artur Ruppel⁵, Alice Williart^1,2, Stéphane Vassilopoulos⁶, Alexandre Deslys^1,2, J. M. Garcia Arcos^1,2, Alba Diz-Muñoz⁴, Martial Balland⁵, J.-F. Joanny³, Damien Cuvelier^1,2,6, Pierre Sens³, and Matthieu Piel^1,2 — ¹Institut Curie, PSL, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France — ²IPGG, PSL Research University, Paris, France — ³Institut Curie, PSL, CNRS, UMR 168, Paris, France — ⁴Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany — ⁵Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Grenoble, France — ⁶Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

Mechanics has been a central focus of physical biology in the past decade. In comparison, how cells manage their size is less understood. Here, we show that a parameter central to both the physics and the physiology of the cell, its volume, depends on a mechano-osmotic coupling. We found that cells change their volume depending on the rate at which they change shape, when they spontaneously spread or when they are externally deformed. Cells undergo slow deformation at constant volume, while fast deformation leads to volume loss. We propose a mechanosensitive pump and leak model to explain this phenomenon. This mechano-osmotic coupling defines a membrane tension homeostasis module constantly at work in cells, causing volume fluctuations associated with fast cell shape changes, with potential consequences on cellular physiology.