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GR: Fachverband Gravitation und Relativitätstheorie

GR 10: Foundations and Alternatives II

GR 10.3: Talk

Wednesday, March 22, 2023, 16:40–17:00, ZEU/0255

Comparison of Models of Dark Energy — •Paul Sawitzki¹, Jannes Ruder¹, and Hans-Otto Carmesin^1,2,3 — ¹Gymn. Athenaeum, Harsefelder Str. 40, 21680 Stade — ²Studienseminar Stade, Bahnhofstr. 5, 21682 Stade — ³Universität Bremen, Fachbereich 1, Postfach 330440, 28334 Bremen

While Newton proposed a static and flat space, Einstein used his general relativity, GR, and derived a possible dynamic expansion of space [1]. Hubble observed that expansion [2]. When Perlmutter [3] discovered the energy density u_Λ of the cosmological vacuum, the dark energy, an essential property of space beyond GR had been discovered. Moreover, the dark energy amounts to 68 % of all energy in the universe. So, a basic question became relevant:

What is dark energy? Here, we summarize proposed models of dark energy, and we compare these models according to criteria of physics and epistemology [4,5]. [1] Einstein, A. (1917): Kosmologische Betrachtungen zur allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie. Sitzungsb. d. Königl. Preuß. Akad. d. Wiss., pp. 142-152. [2] Hubble, E. (1929): A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae. Proc. of National Acad. of Sciences, 15, pp. 168-173. [3] Perlmutter, S. et al. (1998): Discovery of a Supernova Explosion at Half the Age of the Universe. Nature, 391, pp. 51-54. [4] Humphreys, P. (2004): Scientific Knowledge. In: Niiniluoto, Ilkaa et al. (Eds.): Handbook of Epistemology. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 549-569. [5] Styrman, A. (2020): Only a unified ontology can remedy disunification. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1466, pp. 1-25.