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O: Fachverband Oberflächenphysik

O 40: Ultrafast electron dynamics at surface and interfaces – Poster (joint session O/TT)

O 40.3: Poster

Dienstag, 10. März 2026, 14:00–16:00, P2

Role of non-thermal electrons on energy dissipation and phase transition in laser excited metals — •Lukas Jonda, Tobias Held, Markus Uehlein, Christopher Seibel, Sebastian T. Weber, and Baerbel Rethfeld — Department of Physics andResearch Center OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau

The influence of non-equilibrium electrons on energy dissipation and phase transitions is not well understood. It is known that during femtosecond laser irradiation of a surface, electrons are excited to a state of non-equilibrium in space and energy. These highly excited electrons then transport energy ballistically into the bulk. On a picosecond timescale, electrons transfer energy to the lattice via electron-phonon collisions. If the transferred energy is large enough to reach the melting point, the crystal lattice can undergo a phase transition.

We developed a hybrid model that combines a kinetic Monte Carlo simulation and a two-temperature model. The latter describes diffusive transport as well as electron-phonon equilibration, and the former describes primary electron excitation by the laser pulse, transport of non-equilibrium electrons, and secondary electron generation.

We present results for gold, where the influence of non-equilibrium electrons on energy transport is expected to be significant, due to the long mean free path of its electrons. Finally, we are interested in the influence of non-equilibrium electrons on the melting process.

Keywords: non-equilibrium electrons; diffusive transport; ballistic transport