Erlangen 2026 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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AKE: Arbeitskreis Energie

AKE 1: Innovative Contributions for the Energy System Transformation

AKE 1.2: Vortrag

Dienstag, 17. März 2026, 11:30–11:45, KH 01.022

Multiphysics Simulation of 1D MEA in a PEM fuel cell — •Zahra Haratizaveh and Jan Lohbreier — Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm

Abstract: The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the key functional unit of low-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. It includes a proton-conducting membrane positioned between catalyst layers where hydrogen and oxygen react electrochemically. Gas diffusion layers support this structure by supplying reactants, removing products, and providing electron transport, creating a tightly integrated system in which electrochemical, thermal, and mass-transport processes are closely linked. Water has a significant impact on MEA performance. Ionomer conductivity requires adequate hydration, nevertheless too much liquid water may block gas pathways and delay reactions. Understanding how humidity and transport conditions impact the equilibrium between hydration, gas access, and electrochemical activity is therefore necessary for stable operation. This work focuses on a detailed nonisothermal model used to study how inlet gas relative humidity affects the performance of a hydrogen-fueled PEM MEA. The model incorporates gas-phase species transport, water diffusion and sorption in the ionomer, and the hydration-dependent variation of proton conductivity. Heat generation from electrochemical reactions and Joule heating is included to resolve temperature gradients that develop during operation, coupling thermal effects directly to water content and reaction kinetics. Hydrogen crossover through the membrane is represented to capture cross-diffusion.

Keywords: Membrane electrode assembly (MEA); Water management; Humidity effects; COMSOL Multiphysics