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HK: Fachverband Physik der Hadronen und Kerne

HK 33: Nuclear Astrophysics IV

HK 33.4: Vortrag

Donnerstag, 19. März 2026, 14:30–14:45, PHIL A 602

Probing Energetic Supernovae Through Nebular Phase Modeling — •Giacomo Ricigliano — Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany

Energetic supernovae are promising sites for heavy element nucleosynthesis and exhibit a wide range of explosion mechanisms, yet the observational signatures of these processes remain difficult to interpret. In particular, the presence of r-process material in non-merger transients is still uncertain, and the physical engines powering the most energetic stripped-envelope supernovae (such as central engine activity or ejecta-CSM interaction) are not yet well constrained. Nebular phase observations offer a direct way to address these questions, as they probe the inner ejecta where nucleosynthesis products and explosion physics are most clearly imprinted. We model optically thin nebular plasmas in full NLTE, including compositions extending up to the third r-process peak. We find that even modest amounts of heavy neutron-rich material generate distinct forbidden fine-structure emission in the near- to mid-IR, making this wavelength range highly sensitive to r-process signatures. In parallel, we examine how variations in ionization structure, line strengths, and line profiles can serve as diagnostics of central engine activity or ejecta-CSM interaction. Together, these results highlight the diagnostic potential of late-time IR and optical spectroscopy for uncovering both heavy element production and the physical mechanisms driving extreme stellar explosions.

Keywords: Supernovae; r-process; Nebulae; NLTE