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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 13: Cell Mechanics I
BP 13.1: Hauptvortrag
Dienstag, 17. März 2020, 09:30–10:00, SCH A251
On another plane: curling and buckling in epithelia — •Guillaume Charras1, Jonathan Fouchard1, Tom Wyatt1, Ana Lisica1, Nargess Khalilgharibi1, Pierre Recho2, Amsha Proag3, Magali Suzanne3, Buzz Baum1, and Alexandre Kabla4 — 1University College London, London, UK — 2Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France — 3Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France — 4Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
During embryonic development and adult life, epithelia are constantly subjected to external forces. The resulting deformations can have a profound impact on tissue development and function. In particular, compressive deformations are central to tissue morphogenesis as they can trigger cell extrusion or differentiation via mechanosensory mechanisms. These processes are all controlled by the relationship between compression and the mechanical state of the tissue, however, this remains poorly understood. Using suspended epithelia, we uncover the response of epithelial tissues to the application of large in-plane compressive strains.
While most epithelia must withstand mechanical stresses without rupture, some developmental epithelia need to rupture allow emergence of mature organs. In Drosophila leg imaginal disks, the peripodial membrane breaks to release the leg. As it breaks, the peripodial membrane curls basally, indicating the presence of spontaneous curvature. Similar curling is observed suspended epithelia. We investigate the biology and physics of monolayer curling to estimate the contribution of active torques to out-of-plane deformation in epithelia.