Dresden 2020 – wissenschaftliches Programm
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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 31: Computational Biophysics (joint session BP/CPP)
BP 31.4: Vortrag
Donnerstag, 19. März 2020, 10:15–10:30, SCH A251
Active processes in cellular networks and comparison with viscoelastic models — •Joris Paijmans1, Mandar Inamdar2, and Frank Jülicher1,3 — 1Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany — 2Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India — 3Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
During morphogenesis, the collective behavior of many cells determines the emergence of tissue shape. How the mechanical properties and behavior of individual cells lead to a desired morphology is not well understood. Here we use a vertex model, modeling the cellular network, and a hydrodynamic theory, describing the tissue as a continuous viscoelastic material, to study this problem in epithelial tissues.
First, we consider different scenarios for how cells drive local stresses in cellular networks such as orientation dependent edge tensions and oriented cell divisions. Coarse-graining over the cellular dynamics, we find the large scale deformation of the tissue and how cells contributed to this deformation such as cell shape changes and rearrangements in the cell network. This allows us to compare the dynamics of the cellular network to a hydrodynamic model of a viscoelastic material with active and passive contributions to the stress and cell rearrangements in the tissue. We find that the large scale viscoelastic properties of the cellular network depend strongly on the details of how cells locally generate stress. We compare results with the developing wing blade in Drosophila, where phases of active and passive cell rearrangements are observed.