Dresden 2020 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik

BP 4: Membranes and Vesicles (joint session BP/CPP)

BP 4.5: Hauptvortrag

Montag, 16. März 2020, 10:30–11:00, ZEU 250

How do lipids and proteins diffuse in cell membranes, and what do the diffusion experiments actually measure? — •Ilpo Vattulainen — Dept Physics, Univ Helsinki, Finland

There are numerous techniques able to gauge diffusion in biomembranes. For instance, quasi-elastic neutron scattering measures diffusion in a non-perturbative manner over the nanosecond time scale, yet sampling in space is in these experiments done over large distances. Meanwhile, single-particle tracking allows one to measure the dynamics of individual molecules in almost nanometer resolution, but these measurements are based on the use of markers that may interfere with the diffusion process. Here we discuss nanoscale simulation studies designed to explore the underlying molecular-scale diffusion mechanisms of lipids and membrane proteins. Also, we discuss the bases of single-particle tracking experiments by considering the effects of streptavidin-functionalized Au nanoparticle probes on the lateral diffusion. The results show that lipids diffuse in a concerted fashion as clusters of lipids whose motion is highly correlated, and membrane proteins move as dynamical complexes with tens of lipids dynamically bound to the protein. Meanwhile, lipids linked to a streptavidin-nanoparticle complex also turn out to move in a concerted manner but as a complex with the linker protein and numerous non-labeled lipids, slowing down the motion of the probe by an order of magnitude. The results highlight that prior to using any technique, it is crucial to understand the physical basis of the diffusion process that one aims to measure. Otherwise, interpretation of experimental data can be a surprisingly difficult task.